Kesenjangan Komunikasi Kebijakan PP Tunas: Antara Idealita Regulasi dan Realitas Perlindungan Anak Digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56127/jushpen.v5i2.2995Keywords:
Case Study; Digital Child Protection; Policy Communication; PP TUNAS; Regulatory Gap; Urban CommunitiesAbstract
The escalation of digital risks confronting children has prompted the issuance of Government Regulation No. 17 of 2025 on the Governance of Electronic System Operation in Child Protection (PP TUNAS). Nevertheless, its field effectiveness remains hindered by challenges in information dissemination and the technical readiness of digital platforms. This study aims to explore in depth the perceptions, experiences, and practices of urban communities in conceptualizing PP TUNAS, while identifying the discrepancy between regulatory frameworks and the reality of child protection from a policy communication perspective. To analyze this phenomenon, a qualitative approach utilizing an interpretive case study design was employed. Primary data were gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews with key informants—comprising parents, educators, and digital literacy advocates in urban areas—and complemented by observation alongside secondary survey data from the Evident Institute for methodological triangulation. Thematic analysis reveals that while urban communities overwhelmingly support the age-restriction mandate, their understanding remains superficially normative due to an underlying policy communication gap. Furthermore, a structural implementation gap emerged, as platform age-verification mechanisms are perceived as highly susceptible to bypass. In response to these technical shortfalls, parents and schools have independently adopted localized digital parental mediation strategies, despite lacking formal integration with the legal framework. This study concludes that the success of PP TUNAS cannot rest solely on judicial enforcement; rather, it necessitates robust platform technical infrastructure, comprehensive public policy communication strategies, and an integrated orchestration of multi-stakeholder governance.
References
Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII). (2024). Survei Penetrasi Internet Indonesia 2024. APJII.
Call, D. R., & Herber, D. R. (2022). Applicability of the diffusion of innovation theory to accelerate model-based systems engineering adoption. Systems Engineering, 25(6), 574–583. https://doi.org/10.1002/sys.21638
Campbell, S., Greenwood, M., Prior, S., Shearer, T., Walkem, K., Young, S., Bywaters, D., & Walker, K. (2020). Purposive sampling: complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(8), 652–661. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120927206
Capano, G., & Malandrino, A. (2022). Mapping the use of knowledge in policymaking: barriers and facilitators from a subjectivist perspective (1990–2020). Policy Sciences, 55(3), 399–428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-022-09464-
Chui, W. H., Zhu, Y., & Chen, Q. (2025). Editorial: Child Protection in the Digital Age. Child and Family Social Work, 30(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1111/cfs.13185
Hasanah, R. H., & Rahmah, E. (2025). Perlindungan Privasi Anak Dalam Aktivitas Sharenting: Pengaruh Literasi Digital dan Persepsi Risiko Orang Tua. [Nama jurnal/vol tidak lengkap pada dokumen asli — mohon dilengkapi], 4(3).
Hyland-Wood, B., Gardner, J., Leask, J., & Ecker, U. K. H. (2021). Toward effective government communication strategies in the era of COVID-19. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-00701-w
Iqbal, S., Zakar, R., & Fischer, F. (2021). Extended theoretical framework of parental internet mediation: Use of multiple theoretical stances for understanding socio-ecological predictors. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 620838. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.620838
Jang, Y., & Ko, B. (2023). Online safety for children and youth under the 4Cs framework—a focus on digital policies in Australia, Canada, and the UK. Children, 10(8), 1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081415
Johnston, K. M., Lakzadeh, P., Donato, B. M. K., & Szabo, S. M. (2019). Methods of sample size calculation in descriptive retrospective burden of illness studies. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-018-0657-9
Khusnaini, I., & Aisyah, E. N. (2025). Tantangan Yuridis dan Prospek Implementasi Perlindungan Anak di Ruang Digital Indonesia. Jurnal Pro Justicia, 5(2).
Köhler-Dauner, F., Peter, L., Sitarski, E., Chauviré-Geib, K., Haag, A.-C., & Fegert, J. M. (2025). Digital child protection in social networks: age verification and age-tiered regulation in Europe. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 19, 143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-025-01016-x
Koloni. (2023). [Data pustaka tidak lengkap pada dokumen asli — mohon dilengkapi nama penulis, judul, dan sumber terbitan sebelum submisi.]
Kondolele, S., Sultan, M. I., Akbar, M., & Putra, B. A. (2025). The nexus between public communication and policy implementation revisited: insights from the Population and Civil Registration Service of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Frontiers in Communication, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2025.1556747
Kumar Gupta, R., & Meena, K. (2024). Socio Legal Implications of Digital Media in Child Safety: Perceptions, Awareness, and Reporting Under Posco 2012. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 1348–1352. https://doi.org/10.21275/SR24122110328
Kusuma Rajni, D., Zahrotun Nafisah, I., & Shafitri Hardi, F. (2024). State Authority and Public Interest: Reinterpreting Age Restriction Policy through the Doctrine of Tassaruf al-imam bi al-Maslahah. International Journal of Islamic Studies, 38(1). https://doi.org/10.23917/suhuf.v38i1.10234
Liu, D., Son, S., & Cao, J. (2023). The determinants of public acceptance of telemedicine apps: an innovation diffusion perspective. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1325031
Mekarisce, A. A. (2020). Teknik Pemeriksaan Keabsahan Data pada Penelitian Kualitatif di Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat: Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(3), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.52022/jikm.v12i3.102
Memon, M. A., dkk. (2025). [Data pustaka tidak lengkap pada dokumen asli — mohon dilengkapi sebelum submisi.]
Nugraha, A. F., Putri, S. R., & Wibowo, D. P. (2024). Peran Media Sosial dalam Pembentukan Persepsi Publik terhadap Kebijakan Pemerintah. PERSEPTIF: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 4(1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.70716/perseptif.v4i1.457
Nugroho & Suryaningsih. (2025). [Data pustaka tidak lengkap pada dokumen asli — mohon dilengkapi judul dan sumber terbitan sebelum submisi.]
Putu Gede Subhaktiyasa, Sang Ayu Ketut Candrawati, N. Putri Sumaryani, Ni Wayan Sunita, & Abd. Syakur. (2025). Penerapan Statistik Deskriptif: Perspektif Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Emasains: Jurnal Edukasi Matematika dan Sains, 14(1), 98–104. https://doi.org/10.5559/emasains.v14i1.4450
Reynolds, J. P., Stautz, K., Pilling, M., van der Linden, S., & Marteau, T. M. (2020). Communicating the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of government policies and their impact on public support: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Royal Society Open Science, 7(1), 190522. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190522
Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. (2026). Lindungi anak di ranah digital, Kemkomdigi terbitkan aturan teknis PP TUNAS. Kementerian Sekretariat Negara.
Watkin, A. L. (2023). Developing a responsive regulatory approach to online terrorist content on tech platforms. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 49(4), 424–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2023.2222891
Zamili, M. (2015). Menghindar dari Bias: Praktik Triangulasi dan Kesahihan Riset Kualitatif. Lisan Al-Hal: Jurnal Pengembangan Pemikiran dan Kebudayaan, 9(2).
