Application of Benson’s Relaxation Technique to Reduce Blood Glucose Levels in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Case Study in Sukoanyar Village, Pakis District
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56127/jukeke.v4i3.2296Keywords:
Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Benson relaxation, blood glucose levels, case studyAbstract
Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with a high prevalence that often leads to complications and reduced quality of life. Management of T2DM requires not only pharmacological therapy but also complementary non-pharmacological interventions such as Benson’s relaxation technique, which may lower blood glucose levels through physiological and psychological mechanisms. This case study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Benson’s relaxation in reducing blood glucose levels in an elderly patient with T2DM. The subject was a 70-year-old woman residing in Cokro Hamlet, Sukoanyar Village, Pakis District, Malang Regency. The intervention was conducted over three consecutive days, with each session lasting 20 minutes. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and measurement of random blood glucose (RBG) before and after each intervention. The results showed a gradual reduction in blood glucose levels, from 462 mg/dL (pre) to 440 mg/dL (post) on day one, 325 mg/dL to 301 mg/dL on day two, and 164 mg/dL to 146 mg/dL on day three. The patient also reported reduced fatigue, decreased tingling, improved sleep quality, and a greater sense of calm after undergoing the therapy. These findings indicate that Benson’s relaxation is a simple, safe, cost-effective, and feasible complementary intervention that can be practiced independently by patients and families at home, supporting holistic management of T2DM.
References
A’ida. (2024). Spiritual coping and relaxation techniques in chronic illness management. Journal of Nursing and Health, 12(2), 115–124.
American Diabetes Association. (2019). Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2019. Diabetes Care, 42(Supplement 1), S13–S28. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc19-S002
American Diabetes Association. (2022). 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2022. Diabetes Care, 45(Supplement 1), S17–S38. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002
Barasa, I., Sutanto, D., & Lestari, N. (2023). Community-based education for elderly with diabetes mellitus in Malang: A case study. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 18(3), 211–219.
Dewi, F. P., Hidayat, R., & Yusuf, A. (2023). Benson relaxation as a complementary therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A literature review. Indonesian Journal of Nursing Practices, 7(2), 87–96.
Emilia, R., Putri, D. N., & Sari, M. (2022). The effect of Benson relaxation technique on blood pressure and anxiety among hypertensive patients. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 25(1), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v25i1.1821
Fajria, L., Nugroho, S., & Ramadhani, F. (2024). Effectiveness of Benson relaxation on stress and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Journal of Holistic Nursing Research, 8(1), 33–40.
Fasilatun. (2023). The integration of spiritual relaxation into diabetes care: A nursing perspective. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 11(2), 102–110.
Fikha, A. (2023). Diabetes prevalence in Indonesia: An overview of challenges and opportunities. Jurnal Epidemiologi Indonesia, 9(1), 25–33.
Galicia-Garcia, U., Benito-Vicente, A., Jebari, S., Larrea-Sebal, A., Siddiqi, H., Uribe, K. B., ... & Martín, C. (2020). Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(17), 6275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176275
Hananto, R., Puspita, D., & Kurniasari, L. (2022). Global projection of diabetes mellitus and prevention strategies. Journal of Global Health Research, 5(2), 101–110.
Hardianto, B. (2021). Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus in younger populations: A literature review. Jurnal Penyakit Tidak Menular Indonesia, 3(1), 55–62.
Harefa, E. M. (2023). Genetic and lifestyle factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review. Jurnal Biomedik, 15(2), 77–84.
Kendek, R., Alam, S., & Yani, D. (2023). Global burden of diabetes mellitus: An updated review. International Journal of Public Health and Medicine, 2(1), 14–22.
Komariah, K., & Rahayu, S. (2020). The effect of Benson relaxation on blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, 5(2), 120–126.
Kurniawan, T. (2020). Psychological distress and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Psikologi Klinis, 9(2), 133–141.
Ludiana, A., Prasetyo, B., & Handayani, S. (2022). Stress, cortisol, and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients: An integrative review. Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 14(1), 22–29.
Lukitasari, R., & Adhitama, R. (2023). Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Kedokteran Klinik Indonesia, 11(1), 59–68.
Maftuhin, R., & Yazid, M. (2025). Benson relaxation therapy: Concept and application in nursing practice. Journal of Nursing Science, 14(1), 45–53.
Malisa, I., Kusman, T., & Mardiah, W. (2016). Application of Benson relaxation in nursing intervention: Standard operating procedures. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 4(2), 75–83.
Mendrofa, F., Natalia, L., & Putri, M. (2024). The effectiveness of Benson relaxation therapy in improving glycemic control in diabetic patients: A systematic review. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing, 12(3), 190–198.
Montazeri, F., Khajavi, M., & Ebrahimi, S. (2025). The effect of spiritual relaxation on diabetes distress and quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients. BMC Nursing, 24(15), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-00987-2
Mukarromah, S., & Kurdi, A. (2025). Effect of Benson relaxation on blood glucose levels in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, 13(1), 55–62.
Nazari, M., Hassanpour-Dehkordi, A., & Khaledi, F. (2023). The effect of Benson’s relaxation technique on physiological parameters in patients with chronic diseases: A meta-analysis. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 72, 102951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102951
Ohiagu, F., Eze, C., & Okafor, J. (2021). Pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus: An overview. World Journal of Diabetes, 12(8), 1234–1245. https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v12.i8.1234
Palupi, D., Santoso, R., & Widodo, A. (2022). Lifestyle modification and non-pharmacological management of diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 17(2), 145–153.
PPNI (Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia). (2017). Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia (SDKI). Jakarta: Dewan Pengurus Pusat PPNI.
PPNI (Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia). (2018). Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia (SIKI). Jakarta: Dewan Pengurus Pusat PPNI.
PPNI (Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia). (2019). Standar Luaran Keperawatan Indonesia (SLKI). Jakarta: Dewan Pengurus Pusat PPNI.
Puspitasari, D., Wahyuni, S., & Lestari, P. (2023). The role of Benson relaxation in reducing stress and anxiety among patients with chronic illness. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 11(1), 41–48.
Qonita, Z., Pratiwi, N., & Susilo, H. (2024). Stress hormones and glycemic control: Implications for diabetes management. Journal of Endocrine Research, 19(2), 88–95.
Ratnawati, E., Putra, I., & Sari, R. (2018). The effect of Benson relaxation on blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indonesian Nursing Journal of Education and Clinic, 3(2), 91–97.
Robaiyani, S., Mahfud, H., & Yuliani, D. (2024). Practical application of Benson relaxation as complementary therapy in primary healthcare. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas, 10(1), 77–84.
Romadhoni, A., Sari, P., & Setiawan, R. (2024). Spiritual relaxation and patient adherence: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Holistic Health, 6(2), 119–128.
Rosyidah, N., & Cahyono, A. (2025). Type II diabetes mellitus: Pathogenesis and nursing management. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 28(1), 23–31.
Sari, D. (2020). Benson relaxation technique and its effect on glycemic control in diabetes patients. Jurnal Kesehatan Metro Sai Wawai, 13(1), 54–61.
Septimar, R., Nugroho, A., & Lestari, W. (2021). Effectiveness of Benson relaxation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan, 9(2), 88–95.
Setiawan, H. (2021). Classification and clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus: An update. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran, 17(2), 101–109.
Siahaan, R., Purnama, F., & Adnan, H. (2023). Holistic approaches in diabetes management: Integrating Benson relaxation therapy. Journal of Nursing Care, 14(1), 37–44.
Sudrajat, A., & Wati, L. (2023). Stress management through Benson relaxation in chronic illness patients. Jurnal Keperawatan Holistik, 9(1), 62–70.
Sumiati, T., Nugraha, Y., & Handayani, M. (2021). Benson relaxation therapy and its effect on physiological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Nursing Science and Practice, 11(2), 85–93.
