Corection and Retraction

1. General Policy

International Journal Science and Technology (IJST) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors or ethical concerns may be identified after publication and is committed to addressing such issues responsibly.

IJST follows relevant principles and guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in managing corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

2. Corrections

Corrections may be issued when errors are identified in published articles that affect the accuracy or clarity of the scientific record but do not invalidate the principal findings or conclusions.

Corrections may include:

  • Errors in data presentation, tables, or figures.

  • Incorrect author information or institutional affiliations.

  • Errors in mathematical equations, calculations, or statistical reporting.

  • Inaccurate references or publication metadata.

  • Other substantive errors requiring clarification.

Corrections will be clearly identified, published transparently, and linked to the original article.

3. Retractions

Retractions may be issued when serious errors or research integrity concerns make the findings or conclusions of a published article unreliable.

Grounds for retraction may include:

  • Data fabrication or falsification.

  • Plagiarism or substantial copyright infringement.

  • Duplicate or redundant publication.

  • Serious methodological errors that invalidate the findings.

  • Unethical research practices.

  • Manipulation of the peer-review or publication process.

  • Other significant violations of publication ethics.

Retraction decisions will be based on available evidence and appropriate editorial assessment.

4. Expressions of Concern

IJST may publish an Expression of Concern when serious questions arise regarding the reliability or integrity of a published article but the available evidence is insufficient to justify an immediate correction or retraction.

An Expression of Concern may also be issued when an investigation is ongoing or when its outcome remains uncertain.

The notice will be updated or followed by appropriate editorial action when additional evidence becomes available.

5. Investigation and Editorial Procedures

Concerns regarding published articles may be reported by authors, readers, reviewers, institutions, or other relevant parties.

The editorial board will assess the concerns and may request explanations, original research data, supporting documents, or institutional clarification.

Authors will be given a reasonable opportunity to respond to allegations or identified errors.

Where appropriate, IJST may consult the authors' affiliated institutions or other relevant authorities.

Final editorial decisions will be made based on the evidence, scientific integrity, and applicable publication ethics guidance.

6. Publication of Correction and Retraction Notices

All correction and retraction notices will be published transparently on the journal's official website.

Each notice will:

  1. Clearly identify the affected article.

  2. Explain the reason for the correction or retraction.

  3. Identify the parties responsible for the notice, where appropriate.

  4. Provide a direct link to the original publication.

  5. Include relevant publication metadata.

Retracted articles will ordinarily remain accessible in the journal's archive with a clear retraction notice or watermark to preserve the scholarly record.

Removal of article content will be considered only in exceptional circumstances involving legal requirements, privacy violations, or other serious risks.

7. Author Responsibilities

Authors are responsible for promptly informing the editorial office if they discover significant errors or integrity concerns in their published work.

Authors must cooperate with editorial investigations and provide relevant information or supporting evidence when requested.

Failure to cooperate may be considered during the editorial assessment but will not replace the need for evidence-based decisions.

8. Transparency and Publication Ethics

IJST is committed to handling corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions fairly, objectively, and transparently.

Editorial actions will be proportionate to the nature and severity of the identified issues and will follow relevant COPE guidance.

The primary purpose of these actions is to maintain the accuracy and integrity of the scientific literature rather than to punish authors.