Lexical Density Across Languages: A Contrastive Analysis of English and Indonesian Academic Prose

Authors

  • Raudhotul Fadhilah Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
  • Irpi Octia Pebrianti Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara , Indonesia
  • Alya Fadhillah Dalimunthe Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
  • Cindy Alia Ramadhany Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
  • Siti Ismahani Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56127/jukim.v5i01.2515

Keywords:

lexical density, academic prose style, information packaging, contrastive analysis, English–Indonesian academic writing, nominalization, complex noun phrases, clause structure, discourse progression, writing pedagogy

Abstract

This study investigates lexical density in English and Indonesian academic prose using a qualitative contrastive approach. Drawing on authentic journal articles from comparable academic fields, the analysis focuses on how each language organizes and packages meaning in academic writing. The findings reveal that English academic prose tends to achieve high lexical density through nominalization and complex noun phrases, allowing writers to compress information and advance arguments in an abstract and cumulative manner. Indonesian academic prose, by contrast, often develops meaning through verbal clauses and explicit relational markers, resulting in a more elaborative and linear style. These differences reflect distinct discourse preferences rather than differences in academic quality. The study explains how such contrasts contribute to difficulties experienced by Indonesian writers when producing English academic texts. It also highlights the importance of contrastive awareness in academic writing instruction and evaluation

References

[1]Afifi, N. (2016). Indonesian EFL learners’ development of academic literacy: a study of grammatical metaphor (Doctoral dissertation, Macquarie University).

[2]Chyzhykova, O. (2024). Analyzing lexical features and academic vocabulary in academic writing. International Journal of Philology, 28(1), 72-80.

[3]Fadhil, A., Gunawan, W., & Wirza, Y. (2023). Lexical density in EFL Indonesian textbooks: A comparative analysis. JALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literacy), 7(1), 121-136.

[4]Gonzalez, M. (2013). The intricate relationship between measures of vocabulary size and lexical diversity as evidenced in non-native and native speaker academic compositions.

[5]Hinkel, E. (2020). Teaching academic L2 writing: Practical techniques in vocabulary and grammar. Routledge.

[6]Howarth, P. A. (2013). Phraseology in English academic writing: Some implications for language learning and dictionary making (Vol. 75). Walter de Gruyter.

[7]Sembiring, F. E. D. B. (2025). From Words to Understanding: Analyzing Lexical Density and Readability in Student Writing. LingPoet: Journal of Linguistics and Literary Research, 6(1), 63-73.

[8]Tömen, M. (2016). The relationship between vocabulary size, lexical diversity, lexical density and EFL writing scores: A cross-sectional study (Master's thesis, Anadolu University (Turkey)).

[9]Vinokurova, N. (2005). Lexical categories and argument structure: A study with reference to Sakha. Utrecht University.

[10]Wahyudi, R. (2018). Situating English language teaching in Indonesia within a critical, global dialogue of theories: A case study of teaching argumentative writing and cross-cultural understanding courses (Doctoral dissertation, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand).

Downloads

Published

2026-01-20

How to Cite

Fadhilah, R., Pebrianti, I. O., Dalimunthe, A. F., Ramadhany, C. A., & Ismahani, S. (2026). Lexical Density Across Languages: A Contrastive Analysis of English and Indonesian Academic Prose. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 5(01), 80–85. https://doi.org/10.56127/jukim.v5i01.2515

Citation Check

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.